expression / ~する verb (irregular):

• to turn down (heat, sound, etc.)

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to bend; to turn up; to turn down; to double

expression / ~する verb (irregular):

• to reject (a manuscript); to turn down (a proposal)

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to reject; to spurn; to turn down; to refuse

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to refuse; to reject; to dismiss; to turn down; to decline
• to inform; to give notice; to tell in advance
• to ask leave; to excuse oneself (from)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to tell again and again; to repeat; to refrain; to turn up; to turn down

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to wave; to shake; to swing
• to sprinkle; to throw (dice)
• to cast (actor); to allocate (work)
• to turn down (somebody); to reject; to jilt; to dump
• to abandon; to give up; to ruin
• to add kana indicating a reading of a word ➜ 振り仮名
• to slightly change headings; to change directions
• to extract by broiling; to prepare an infusion of; to decoct
• to carry with great vigor (e.g. a portable shrine)
• to bring up a topic; to lead to a topic
• to replace; to substitute
• to set up a joke for somebody else

godan ~す verb:

• to excuse oneself; to take one's leave ➜ 辞する
• to quit; to resign; to retire; to leave post
• to decline; to turn down
• to not hesitate - adjectivally as 〜を辞さず, etc.

~する verb (spec.):

• to excuse oneself; to take one's leave
• to resign (post); to quit; to retire
• to decline; to turn down
• unhesitatingly - as 〜を辞せず, etc.

godan ~る verb / transitive:

• to wring (towel, rag); to squeeze - esp. 絞る
• to squeeze (fruit to extract juice); to press; to extract; to milk; to express milk - esp. 搾る
• to rack (one's brains); to strain (one's voice)
• to extort; to exploit
• to chew out; to reprimand severely; to rake over the coals; to give a sound scolding; to tell someone off; to scold; to rebuke - often passive voice ➜ 油を絞る
• to drill into; to train
• to narrow down (one's focus); to whittle down
• to gather up (curtain, etc.); to tighten (drawstring)
• to stop down (lens)
• to turn down (e.g. radio)
• to bend (bow); to draw
• to hold down; to constrict; to immobilize - Sumo term

~よい adjective:

• good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable - also written 良い ➜ 良い【よい】
• sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer); ready; prepared ➜ 良い【よい】
• profitable (e.g. deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial ➜ 良い【よい】
• OK ➜ 良い【よい】

adjective:

• good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable - also いい (all senses) ➜ いい
• sufficient (can be used to turn down an offer); ready; prepared ➜ いい
• profitable (e.g. deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial ➜ いい
• OK ➜ いい

expression / godan ~る verb:

• to turn someone down (on some pretext) without offending them; to refuse gracefully; to decline politely

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to turn upside down; to turn (face) downward

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to turn over; to turn upside down; to turn up; to turn inside out; to turn out
• to knock over; to tip over
• to overturn (e.g. a decision); to upset; to reverse

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to turn over (face down); to lay face down; to lay upside down
• to point downwards (eyes, head, etc.); to cast down (eyes)

ichidan verb / transitive / intransitive verb:

• to lie (one's body) face down; to lie flat (on the ground)

ichidan verb / transitive:

• to conceal; to hide; to keep secret; to place in hiding (e.g. troops for an ambush)

godan ~る verb / intransitive verb:

• to lie down; to retire; to go to bed (with an illness) - usu. 臥せる ➜ 臥せる【ふせる】

noun:

• three-part joke, where the first two parts are similar and mundane, while the third is the punchline (e.g. How do you get to my place? Go down to the corner, turn left, and get lost.); rule of three (in comedy writing) ➜ 落ち【おち】

godan ~す verb / transitive:

• to return (something); to restore; to put back - esp. 返す ➜ 帰す【かえす】
• to turn over; to turn upside down; to overturn
• to pay back; to retaliate; to reciprocate - esp. 返す

suffix / godan ~す verb:

• to repeat ...; to do ... back - after the -masu stem of a verb